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Cirsium pitcheri
The Pitcher's thistle (''Cirsium pitcheri''), sometimes called dune thistle, is a species of thistle native to sand dune shorelines along the upper Great Lakes. It is native to Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ontario.〔 It is listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service as a threatened species.〔United States Fish & Wildlife Service. 2005. Threatened and Endangered Animals and Plants, Species Information. Species Information Threatened and Endangered Animal and Plants〕
==Description==
Pitcher's thistle is a plant of modest appearance through much of its lifespan; it concentrates most of its biomass in a massive taproot that can be 6 feet (2 m) in length. Its long, narrow, gray-green leaves are protected by spines and dense, silvery hairs. Between 2 to 8 years after germination, the juvenile thistle abruptly matures and sends forth a flower stalk of 100 cm (40 inches) or more in height. At the top of the blooming shoot is a spectacular effusive flower head, ranging in color from creamy white to very light pink, and guarded by spines. Some individuals may be quite bushy, and produce numerous flowering heads. Usually at least 5 years are required for the thistle to reach maturity. Pitcher's thistle is monocarpic; after flowering once, the plant dies. Most of its seeds do not disperse very far, in fact, entire heads are occasionally buried, producing clusters of seedlings.〔(Flora of North America, Dune or sand-dune thistle, ''Cirsium pitcheri'' (Torrey ex Eaton) Torrey & A. Gray )〕
The Pitcher's thistle is adapted to life on open, windswept, semi-stable sand dune surfaces. It can flower at any time from mid-June through mid-September, depending on the amount of energy it has stored in its taproot and on local rain conditions immediately prior to the flowering.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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